Gualtiero Piccinini
Post-Doctoral Fellow, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
"Computing Mechanisms"
Abstract: I offer an account of computing mechanisms
based on functional analysis. By functional analysis of a mechanism, I mean
a partition of a mechanism into component parts and an assignment of functions
to those parts. The present account analyzes calculators and computers in terms
of their component parts (processor, memory, input and output devices) and their
functions. Those components are also analyzed in terms of their component parts
(registers and circuits) and their functions. Those, in turn, are analyzed in
terms of primitive computing components (logic gates) and their functions. Primitive
computing components can be further analyzed but their analysis does not illuminate
the notion of computing mechanism. The present account fits very naturally both
our ordinary language about computing mechanisms and the language and practices
of computer designers. It does so by satisfying six desiderata better than the
competition: (1) paradigmatic computing mechanisms (e.g., computers) compute;
(2) paradigmatic non-computing mechanisms (e.g., planetary systems) don't compute;
(3) computation is observer-independent; (4) computations can go wrong; (5)
some computing mechanisms are not computers, and (6) program execution is explanatory.
This makes the present account ideal for grounding discussions of computational
theories of mind and brain.